Peru is a country located in western South America, the third largest on the continent after Brazil and Argentina. Defined by extreme geographical and social diversity, the nation serves as the historic heart of the Inca Empire, blending deep indigenous roots with Spanish colonial influences. While Peru has emerged as a significant economic force in Latin America—driven by a robust mining sector, a world-renowned gastronomic industry, and vast mineral resources—it continues to grapple with socioeconomic disparities between its modernized urban centers and remote interior communities. As a democratic republic divided into 24 departments and the constitutional province of Callao, the country remains a global leader in biodiversity and a primary gateway to South American history, with nearly a third of its population residing in the capital, Lima.

As of February of 2026, I am working on this country… as I complete sections they will become linked to pages.

Geography of Perú: I decided to use the more complete geographical map created by the Peruvian Geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal, instead of the three typical (the arid Costa (coast), the rugged Sierra (highlands), and the vast Selva (jungle) division.

The Geography Peru Part 1: covers the regions of La Chala (or coast), La Yunga, Quechua, and Suni (or Jaica).